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South Korea and Ukraine dispute confidentiality over North Korean POW transfer

Ukraine transferred two North Korean prisoners of war captured while fighting for Russia to South Korea, and President Volodymyr Zelenskyy disclosed the transfer at the UN General Assembly on Sept. 23. Seoul says Ukraine requested an agreement to keep the transfer confidential and then breached it; Kyiv denies that an agreement existed and has described the dispute as a difference in interpretations, while a South Korean diplomat said the governments had not discussed a disclosure date. South Korea recalled its ambassador and announced a partial embassy-staff withdrawal, citing the dispute and Russian airstrike risks, while saying diplomatic and consular work would continue.

Summary written by our automated pipeline from the outlets' reporting. How it works

27 outlets in 18 countries, 7 relaying others' reporting · earliest dated report in our sources by Fox News (United States),

The Embassy of the Republic of Korea in Kyiv, Ukraine, photographed on May 13, 2012.
Photo credits

In their own words

Grouped by where each speaker is from. Quotation marks are the speaker's own words; other lines are our summaries.

Ukraine

Volodymyr Zelensky, Ukraine's president

Zelensky questioned why North Koreans should die in the war with Ukraine and whether the forces involved should be given more time to learn how to fight.

Our summary of Yonhap News Agency · also 2 other outlets

As quoted in Korean, with a machine translation

“왜 북한 사람들이 우크라이나와의 전쟁에서 목숨을 바쳐야 하나, 그런 세력에게 전쟁하는 법을 배울 시간을 더 줘야 하나”

Machine translation: “Why should North Koreans sacrifice their lives in a war against Ukraine, and should we give such forces more time to learn how to wage war?”

Government

Ukraine says no such non-disclosure pact existed in the first place.

Our summary of The Korea Herald, via Yonhap

More from Ukraine (2)
Zelensky, Ukraine's president
“Russia shows no respect for the sovereignty of the countries of the South Caucasus and Central Asia”

Quoted in Ukrinform

Political parties

Viktor Medvedchuk, Leader of Other Ukraine

Medvedchuk claimed that Zelenskyy was given a metaphorical 'attack' command during his speech from the UN podium.

Our summary of RIA Novosti

South Korea

Government

The South Korean government has said it would accept the prisoners because they are South Korean citizens under the Constitution and have expressed a wish to defect.

Our summary of Yonhap News Agency

Lee Jae Myung, South Korean president
“If (Ukraine) continues to deny the fact and refuse to offer an official apology, (Seoul) will take additional measures”

Quoted in Yonhap News Agency · also 4 other outlets

More from South Korea (4)
Blue House official

The Blue House official said the matter was sensitive because it concerned the safety of the individuals and their families.

Our summary of Yonhap News Agency

In parliament

Yoo Yong-won, South Korean lawmaker
“It is regrettable that such a significant matter was first made known through President Zelenskyy rather than through an official announcement by our government”

Quoted in The Korea Herald

Na Kyung-won, South Korean lawmaker

Na welcomed and thanked Zelensky for allowing the two POWs to travel to South Korea in respect of their wishes.

Our summary of The Hankyoreh

As quoted in Korean, with a machine translation

“북한군 포로 리아무개씨와 백아무개씨의 자유 의사를 존중해 한국행을 허용한 젤렌스키 대통령 귀하의 대승적 결정을 환영하며 깊은 감사를 표한다”

Machine translation: “I welcome and express my deep gratitude for Your Excellency President Zelenskyy's magnanimous decision to respect the free will of the North Korean prisoners of war, Mr. Ri and…”

Political parties

Jeong Chung-rae, Democratic Party of Korea leader

Jeong says Zelensky broke the private agreement by disclosing the repatriation, worsening bilateral relations.

Our summary of Yonhap News Agency

No statements from the government or officials of North Korea are in our sources.

Where accounts differ

Points where outlets or parties give conflicting facts or readings. Each side is summarised by our pipeline; its sources are listed under it.

Accounts conflict Whether South Korea and Ukraine agreed to keep the POW transfer confidential

South Korea says the governments agreed to keep the transfer secret at Ukraine’s request.

Sources (2)

South Korea · our summary of The Korea Herald

South Korea · our summary of Deutsche Welle

Ukraine’s presidential office says there was no non-disclosure agreement; Ukraine also describes the dispute as a difference in interpretation.

Sources (2)

Zelensky's office, Ukrainian president's office · our summary of BBC News

Ukraine · our summary of Deutsche Welle

Disputed How to characterize Ukraine’s response to the disclosure dispute

South Korea said Ukraine had taken no positive or constructive steps to resolve the dispute.

Sources (2)
“Ukraine had taken no positive steps despite those efforts”
Park Doo-soon, South Korean Foreign Ministry official · quoted in Yonhap News Agency
“…the absence of any constructive steps by the Ukrainian side following the recall of our ambassador”
Park Doo-soon, South Korean Foreign Ministry official · quoted in The Korea Herald

Ukraine’s foreign minister described the controversy as a diplomatic misunderstanding.

Sources (1)

Andrii Sybiha, Ukrainian foreign minister · our summary of The Kyiv Independent, via Yonhap

Other voices

Reactions from other countries and bodies, others involved, and commentary.

Others involved

Kim Sang-woo, Kim Dae-jung Peace Foundation affiliate
“There is criticism that Lee's administration is effectively appeasing the North, that it has become too soft, and that is a very worrisome situation”

Quoted in Deutsche Welle

Strategic Culture

Strategic Culture said the speech was perceived in the hall as trite, boring, and implausible.

Our summary of RIA Novosti, via Strategic Culture

Commentary

Park Won-gon, North Korea studies professor

Park said North Korea was most concerned that the prisoners might reveal the realities of the deployment and the war.

Our summary of Yonhap News Agency

As quoted in Korean, with a machine translation

“북한이 가장 우려하는 것은 이들을 통해 파병과 전쟁의 실상 등이 알려지는 것”

No translation yet.

Cha Doo-hyun, Asan Institute analyst

Cha said information from the prisoners could be damaging to North Korea.

Our summary of Yonhap News Agency

Dmitrin Babirin, RIA Novosti journalist

Babirin claimed that Zelensky acted this way to promote his own achievements.

Our summary of The Hankyoreh, via RIA Novosti

Cha Doo-hyun, Asan Institute analyst

Cha said humanitarian principles should not be compromised.

Our summary of Yonhap News Agency

Timeline

  1. 2025-01

    Officials said the two soldiers were captured in January 2025 while fighting for Russia in Kursk.

    Sources: Yonhap News Agency

    Supporting statements

    Officials said the two soldiers were captured in January 2025 while fighting for Russia in Kursk and arrived in South Korea in mid-September.

    officials · our summary of Yonhap News Agency
  2. 2026-09

    Officials said the two soldiers arrived in South Korea in mid-September 2026.

    Sources: Yonhap News Agency

    Supporting statements

    Officials said the two soldiers were captured in January 2025 while fighting for Russia in Kursk and arrived in South Korea in mid-September.

    officials · our summary of Yonhap News Agency
  3. 2026-09-23

    At the UN General Assembly in New York on Sept. 23, Zelenskyy disclosed that Ukraine had sent the two POWs to South Korea.

    Sources: The Hankyoreh · Yonhap News Agency

    Supporting statements

    Zelensky disclosed the repatriation to South Korea of two North Korean prisoners of war at the 81st UN General Assembly in New York on September 23.

    Our summary of The Hankyoreh

    Zelensky said two North Korean prisoners of war had recently been sent to South Korea.

    Volodymyr Zelensky, Ukraine's president · our summary of Yonhap News Agency
  4. 2026-09-24

    On Sept. 24, Lee said Ukraine had violated a confidentiality agreement and called its disclosure very regrettable.

    Sources: Asahi Shimbun

    Supporting statements

    Lee said he did not know why Ukraine had publicly disclosed the matter in violation of a confidential agreement and called the disclosure very regrettable.

    Lee Jae-myung, South Korean president · our summary of Asahi Shimbun
    As quoted in Japanese, with a machine translation

    “非公開の合意を破って公開したウクライナ側にどんな事情があるのかは分からないが、非常に残念だ”

    Machine translation: “I don’t know what circumstances led the Ukrainian side to make public an agreement that was not to be disclosed, but it is very regrettable.”

  5. 2026-10-02

    On Oct. 2, Lee warned that South Korea would take additional measures if Ukraine continued to deny the agreement and refuse a public apology.

    Sources: Yonhap News Agency

    Supporting statements
    “If (Ukraine) continues to deny the fact and refuse to offer an official apology, (Seoul) will take additional measures”
    Lee Jae Myung, South Korean president · quoted in Yonhap News Agency
  6. 2026-10

    South Korea recalled its ambassador to Ukraine earlier in October.

    Sources: RIA Novosti (via Newsis)

    Supporting statements

    South Korea recalled its ambassador to Ukraine, Pak Ki Chan, earlier in October and decided to withdraw part of its embassy staff.

    Our summary of RIA Novosti, via Newsis
  7. 2026-10-12

    On Oct. 12, Sybiha said the dispute arose from differing interpretations of confidentiality terms.

    Sources: Yonhap News Agency

    Supporting statements

    Ukraine maintains that the dispute between the two countries arose from differing interpretations of a confidential agreement.

    Ukraine · our summary of Yonhap News Agency
  8. 2026-10-18

    On Oct. 18, Yoon Ji-wan said no disclosure timeline had been discussed, while both governments favored keeping the matter confidential as long as possible.

    Sources: Yonhap News Agency

    Supporting statements
    “We had no discussions on a timeline for disclosure, but we did share the idea that confidentiality should be maintained for as long as possible”
    Yoon Ji-wan, South Korean Embassy official · quoted in Yonhap News Agency
  9. 2026-10-20

    On Oct. 20, South Korea announced that it would withdraw some embassy staff from Ukraine.

    Sources: TASS

    Supporting statements

    South Korea announced the withdrawal of some embassy staff on October 20.

    Our summary of TASS
  10. 2026-10-27

    On Oct. 27, South Korea said embassy personnel had been withdrawn.

    Sources: Yonhap News Agency

    Supporting statements

    South Korea cited Kyiv's failure to take steps to resolve the dispute and persistent threats of Russian airstrikes as reasons for recalling its ambassador and withdrawing some embassy personnel.

    South Korea · our summary of Yonhap News Agency

Coverage

Each outlet's headline, linked to its article. Non-English headlines are machine-translated. The groupings and notes on what each outlet emphasises are automated.

Our outlets in North Korea didn't cover it. No statements from the government or officials of Russia or United States are in our sources.

Group by
The HankyorehSouth Korea
After ambassador to Ukraine recalled, half of diplomatic mission staff withdrawn… Will the conflict drag on? Translated headline. Original: 주우크라 대사 이어 공관원도 절반 철수…갈등 장기화하나 Highlights Lee's charge that Ukraine called him a liar
28 more from The Hankyoreh[Breaking] South Korea to recall more embassy staff from Ukraine over North Korean POW disputePresident Lee: “Ukraine praying for war on the Korean Peninsula… a matter of national prestige; cannot be overlooked”Yoo Yong-won: “Confirmed that two North Korean prisoners have arrived in South Korea”… Zelensky also says so at the UNZelensky: “Two North Korean prisoners to be transferred to South Korea”… Foreign Ministry: “Cannot confirm due to the sensitive nature of the matter”Wi Sung-lac: “U.S. Reaffirms Commitment to Wartime Operational Control Transfer… We Will Take Necessary Measures Over DMZ Landmine Explosion”Kyiv shuns Seoul’s demand for apology over North Korean POW transferSouth Korean Ambassador to Ukraine Park Ki-chang returns home this morning… just two days after the ‘recall decision’[Editorial] Ukraine conflict reaches the point of summoning an ambassador; hard-line measures are not the only answerGovernment recalls ambassador to Ukraine in drastic move, even considering “severing diplomatic ties”Seoul to recall ambassador to Ukraine amid feud over North Korean POW disclosure[Breaking] Government decides to recall its ambassador to Ukraine… in response to breach of confidentiality over prisoner repatriationCho Hyun: “Ukraine apologized, but there’s a gap between that and what we had in mind… considering recalling ambassador”After capture, North Korean POWs expressed fears of repercussions for family back homePro-Russian journalist: “Ukraine retaliates after not receiving South Korean Patriots… breaks the secret and reveals prisoner repatriation”Blue House demands formal apology from Kyiv over POW transfer disclosureSouth Korea’s acting ambassador to Ukraine: “Consensus to keep North Korean POWs’ trip to South Korea confidential for a long time”Ukraine Refuses to Apologize, Calling It a “Closed Matter”… What Now for the South Korea–Ukraine Row as an Exit Strategy Unravels?Ukraine signals it will not apologize for publicly offering to send North Korean POWs to South Korea: “A closed matter”South Korean Ambassador to Ukraine, recalled to Korea, briefs Foreign Minister Cho Hyun on the situation…concerns grow over prolonged tensionsSouth Korea’s recall of Ukraine envoy raises stakes in diplomatic disputeNa Kyung-won writes to Zelenskyy: “Deeply grateful for allowing North Korean POWs to come to South Korea”Ukraine says “diplomacy comes before emotions” after South Korea’s ambassador takes the drastic step of summoning its envoyBlue House: Position unchanged on demand for Ukraine to explain and apologize; recalling South Korean ambassador also under considerationKyiv was first to request confidentiality in North Korean POW transfer, Seoul’s NIS says‘Serious diplomatic faux pas’: Seoul demands apology from Kyiv over POW transfer disclosureZelensky: “8,000 North Korean troops in Russia… preparations underway to deploy 10,000 more”Russian deputy foreign minister: “If South Korea provides military support to Ukraine, it will negatively affect South Korea-Russia relations”President Lee: “Disappointed in Ukraine for breaking confidential agreement on repatriation of North Korean prisoners of war”
Yonhap News AgencySouth Korea
S. Korea to withdraw some embassy staff from Ukraine amid N.K. POW dispute Quotes Zelensky comparing the soldiers to currency
67 more from Yonhap News AgencyYonhap News SummaryS. Korea to withdraw some embassy staff from Ukraine amid N.K. POW disputeS. Korea to withdraw some embassy staff from Ukraine amid N.K. POW disputeS. Korea to withdraw some embassy staff from Ukraine amid N.K. POW disputeS. Korean ambassador to Ukraine returns home amid dispute over N.K. POW disclosureYonhap News SummaryLee warns of 'additional measures' if Ukraine refuses to apologize over N.K. POW transfer disclosure wrangle‘Publicizing the repatriation of North Korean POWs’ sparks diplomatic conflict… attention turns to whether Ukraine will apologizeLee warns of 'additional measures' if Ukraine refuses to apologize for N.K. POW transfer disclosureLee warns of 'additional measures' if Ukraine refuses to apologize for N.K. POW transfer disclosure(EDITORIAL from The Korea Times on Sept. 29)South Korea Caught Off Guard by Zelensky’s Sudden Announcement on Repatriating North Korean POWs: “We Had Agreed to Keep It Confidential” (Updated)South Korea caught off guard by surprise announcement that Ukrainian North Korean POWs would go to South Korea… “We had agreed to keep it confidential”North Korean POWs’ journey to South Korea took 20 months… Why Zelensky revealed it at the UNTwo North Korean soldiers captured after fighting in Ukraine arrive in South Korea of their own accord (3rd comprehensive report)North Korean POW heads to South Korea after 1 year and 8 months… Multifaceted behind-the-scenes negotiations with Ukraine bear fruit (Comprehensive)Ukraine recently sent 2 N. Korean POWs to S. Korea: ZelenskyyNorth Korean POWs heading to South Korea: Impact on inter-Korean and South Korea-Russia ties… testimony on realities of troop deployment also draws attentionYoo Yong-won: “Agreement reached to repatriate 2 North Korean POWs in Ukraine around June… They arrived in South Korea 3–4 days ago” (comprehensive report)North Korean prisoners head to South Korea after 1 year and 8 months… dozens of behind-the-scenes negotiations with Ukraine bear fruitYoo Yong-won: “Confirmed that 2 North Korean POWs arrived in South Korea a few days ago… Disappointed with the government’s response”Zelensky: “Send two North Korean prisoners to South Korea”… government effectively confirms (updated, second report)Ukraine recently sent 2 N. Korean POWs to S. Korea: ZelenskyyZelensky: “Putin is Patient Zero… We must block the space in which evil spreads”Zelensky: “We’ll send two North Korean POWs to South Korea… Why are they risking their lives?” (updated)Zelensky: “Send to South Korea the North Korean prisoners captured during the war with Russia”Seoul to continue taking necessary measures based on 'clear principles' over DMZ blast: WiSeoul to continue taking necessary measures based on 'clear principles' over DMZ blast: WiS. Korea withdraws 8 diplomatic personnel from Ukraine: FM ChoClash over response to ‘North Korean mines’ at UN audit; UN ambassador: Security Council response undecided (comprehensive)People Power Party: “Jeong Dong-young and Lee Jong-seok are not members of the self-reliance faction but the pro-North Korea faction… They should be dismissed”S. Korea to recall envoy to Ukraine amid dispute over disclosure of N.K. POWsNat'l Assembly to kick off annual audit of gov't agenciesS. Korea, Ukraine's FMs discuss 'proper message' on N.K. POW transfer dispute: senior officialZelensky: “The US has proposed the UAE as the venue for a three-way meeting”Lee says Ukraine disclosed transfer of 2 N.K. soldiers in breach of non-disclosure agreementLee says Ukraine disclosed transfer of 2 N.K. soldiers in breach of non-disclosure agreementUkraine: “A secret transfer of North Korean POWs would have been strange… only their trip to South Korea was made public” (comprehensive)Lee says Ukraine disclosed transfer of 2 N.K. soldiers in breach of non-disclosure agreementUkraine recently sent 2 N. Korean POWs to S. Korea: ZelenskyyUkraine: “North Korean POWs bound for South Korea, direct talks with South Korea”Russia: “We have no information about North Korean POWs going to South Korea”S. Korea vows continued support for Ukraine in FM talksBlue House on Zelensky’s disclosure that North Korean prisoners are headed to South Korea: “Necessary consultations have been underway” (updated)Ukraine recently sent 2 N. Korean POWs to S. Korea: ZelenskyyGovernment says it has been conducting ‘necessary communication and consultations’ over public disclosure of North Korean POWs’ plans to go to South KoreaSeoul to continue taking necessary measures based on 'clear principles' over DMZ blast: WiActing ambassador to Ukraine: “Consensus to keep repatriation of North Korean POWs as private as possible” (comprehensive)“Are there only two North Korean POWs?” Calls for measures to prevent repatriation conflicts at parliamentary auditS. Korea, Ukraine had no discussion on timing of disclosing N.K. POW repatriation: diplomatActing Ambassador to Ukraine: “We haven’t even discussed when to announce the repatriation of North Korean POWs”S. Korea maintains demand for Ukraine's apology over N.K. POW disclosureUkraine: “The return of North Korean prisoners is a concluded matter”… South Korea: “The demand for an apology remains valid”UN rapporteur on North Korean human rights: “Identities of North Korean POWs exposed… fears of reprisals against their families”Ukraine offers 'insufficient' apology over N. Korean POW disclosure: foreign ministerZelensky: Russia appears to have shared jet-propelled drone technology with North Korea, tooFamous former Ukrainian serviceman joins dispute over public disclosure of repatriation of North Korean POWs…criticizes South KoreaUkraine's foreign minister: “Korea is important… I sincerely hope we can resolve the diplomatic misunderstanding”S. Korea says in communication with Ukraine over N.K. POW transfer disclosureRussian media: “South Korea furious with Zelensky; he can’t even dream of weapons support”S. Korea stresses 'clear understanding' with Ukraine over non-disclosure of N.K. POW transferZelensky: “More than 8,000 North Korean troops are in Russia… preparing to deploy an additional 10,000” (comprehensive)Government takes a hard-line stance… retaliates with a summons over ‘false information’ about North Korean POWs in Ukraine (comprehensive)Foreign ministry calls in Ukrainian envoy as Kyiv reveals transfer of N. Korean POWsForeign ministry calls in Ukrainian envoy as Kyiv reveals transfer of N. Korean POWsS. Korea again highlights humanitarian handling of N. Korean POWs“Zelensky’s political show” vs. “There was no agreement”: North Korean POWs stir up Ukrainian politics, too
TASSRussia
Fox NewsUnited States
NPRUnited States
PBS NewsHourUnited States
Relays Associated Press
South China Morning PostHong Kong
Der SpiegelGermany
Ukraine: Volodymyr Zelensky calls Putin “Patient Zero” of warmongering Translated headline. Original: Ukraine: Wolodymyr Selenskyj bezeichnet Wladimir Putin als »Patient null« der Kriegstreiberei Centers Zelensky's 'Patient Zero' description of Putin
2 more from Der SpiegelUN General Debate: Zelenskyy calls Putin “patient zero” for warmongeringUkraine war: South Korea recalls ambassador after dispute over North Korean soldiers
UN NewsInternational
ClarínArgentina
Wars in Iran and Ukraine, artificial intelligence and Venezuela: key topics on the second day of the UN General Assembly Translated headline. Original: Las guerras en Irán y Ucrania, Inteligencia Artificial y Venezuela: los temas clave de la segunda jornada de la Asamblea General de la ONU Covers calls for AI regulation at the UN
Relays AFP
OkazSaudi Arabia
CBC NewsCanada
Daily JangPakistan
South Korea threatens Ukraine for not apologizing Translated headline. Original: معافی نہ مانگنے پر جنوبی کوریا کی یوکرین کو دھمکی Focuses on Lee's warning of further measures
1 more from Daily JangUkraine must apologize for exposing the secret transfer of North Korean prisoners of war: South Korea
Also mentioned in passing by 3 outlets

More detail

Written by our automated pipeline from the statements in the coverage; each point lists the statements it rests on.

Key points

The central dispute is whether the governments agreed to keep the transfer confidential: Seoul says they did at Ukraine’s request, while Kyiv denies an agreement and also describes the dispute as a difference in interpretation.

Sources (4)

South Korea · our summary of The Korea Herald

South Korea · our summary of Deutsche Welle

Ukraine · our summary of Deutsche Welle

Ukraine · our summary of Yonhap News Agency

A South Korean diplomat said both governments wanted confidentiality for as long as possible but had not discussed when the transfer would be disclosed.

Sources (1)
“We had no discussions on a timeline for disclosure, but we did share the idea that confidentiality should be maintained for as long as possible”
Yoon Ji-wan, South Korean Embassy official · quoted in Yonhap News Agency

The prisoners had expressed a wish to go to South Korea, but Yonhap said it had not been objectively established whether those statements reflected their free will.

Sources (3)

Our summary of Yonhap News Agency

Our summary of Yonhap News Agency

Our summary of Yonhap News Agency

South Korea recalled its ambassador and began withdrawing embassy staff, citing Ukraine’s response to the dispute and the danger from Russian airstrikes.

Sources (4)

Our summary of RIA Novosti, via Newsis

“…the absence of any constructive steps by the Ukrainian side following the recall of our ambassador”
Park Doo-soon, South Korean Foreign Ministry official · quoted in The Korea Herald
“…the persistent threat of airstrikes across Ukraine, which makes it difficult to ensure their safety”
Park Doo-soon, South Korean Foreign Ministry official · quoted in The Korea Herald

Foreign Ministry official (anonymous), South Korean Foreign Ministry official · our summary of The Korea Herald

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Photo credits

The Embassy of the Republic of Korea in Kyiv, Ukraine, photographed on May 13, 2012.

File:Embassy of Republic of Korea in Kyiv.jpg · Kholodovsky · Public domain

Embassy of Republic of Korea in Kyiv.jpg

Public domain

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